Monday, May 19, 2008

Scientist’s traveller online game?

Until know there exists no direct way, software or knowledge to create such game as mentioned below. Anyway, if such a knowledge will appears or become public it will be real a scientific revolution, as the physicist told me today.

The thing which is needed is a special “search algorithm”, which can not only link words, but much more in deep the context of the words.

State of Art:

Central to such a game is the concept “Six degrees of separation” (Six degrees of separation refers to the idea that, if a person is one step away from each person he or she knows and two steps away from each person who is known by one of the people he or she knows, then everyone is an average of six "steps" away from each person on Earth[1])

The first ideas about six degrees of separation come up 1909. Recent advances in communication technology have drawn great attention to social networks and human interconnectedness.

The first play which used that concept was the game “Six Degrees of Kevin Bacon[2]. The goal was is to link any actor to Kevin Bacon through no more than six connections, where two actors are connected if they have appeared in a movie together.

The real experiment which is going on currently is another game, called “Find Satoshi[3], where a UK-based company is testing the theory of six degrees in separation. This game started at 2006. When Satoshi is funded the experiment will quasi proof that a game using the six degrees in separation theory via an internet game is possible

The missing part for a real “scientist’s traveller’s game” is the opposite problem of the “six degrees of separation”. Because that game will not search for a special person but for persons (scientists,...) who fit together. So the search algorithm has to combine interests.

There are some going in this direction. The most popular is “Google”, but much more interesting is:

· Algorithms for Storytelling[4]

· cyc[5]

· powerset[6]

Within powerset different contexts are linked, which is a kind of Storytelling algorithm.

The revolution will be the kind of connection from the “six degrees in separation” with the “powerset” concepts, in order to be able to play the “scientist travellers” game. In order to conduct a reasonable search/research a kind of artificial intelligence is needed, which has a deep awareness of context.



[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six_degrees_of_separation

[2] The trivia game Six Degrees of Kevin Bacon is based on a variation of the concept of the small world phenomenon and states that any actor can be linked through his or her film roles to actor Kevin Bacon. The game requires a group of players to try to connect any film actor in history to Kevin Bacon as quickly as possible and in as few links as possible. The game was played across various college campuses in the early 1990s.[citation needed] Its name is a pun on the concept of six degrees of separation. In 2007, Bacon started a charitable organization named SixDegrees.org. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six_Degrees_of_Kevin_Bacon)

[4] http://people.cs.vt.edu/~ramakris/papers/kdd06-storytelling.pdf : “ We formulate a new data mining problem called storytelling as a generalization of redescription mining. In traditional redescription mining, we are given a set of objects and a collection of subsets defined over these objects. The goalis to view the set system as a vocabulary and identify twoexpressions in this vocabulary that induce the same set of objects. Storytelling, on the other hand, aims to explicitly relate object sets that are disjoint (and hence, maximally dissimilar) by finding a chain of (approximate) redescriptions between the sets. This problem finds applications in bioinformatics, for instance, where the biologist is trying torelate a set of genes expressed in one experiment to another set, implicated in a different pathway. We outline an efficient storytelling implementation that embeds the CARTwheels redescription mining algorithm in an A* search procedure, using the former to supply next move operators on search branches to the latter. This approach is practical and effective for mining large datasets and, at the same time, exploits the structure of partitions imposed by the given vocabulary. Three application case studies are presented: a study of word overlaps in large English dictionaries, exploring connections between genesets in a bioinformatics dataset, and relating publications in the PubMed index of abstracts

[5] www.opencyc.org Cyc is an artificial intelligence project that attempts to assemble a comprehensive ontology and database of everyday common sense knowledge, with the goal of enabling AI applications to perform human-like reasoning.

[6] http://www.powerset.com/about/Powerset’s goal is to change the way people interact with technology by enabling computers to understand our language. While this is a difficult challenge, we believe that now is the right time to begin the journey. Powerset is first applying its natural language processing to search, aiming to improve the way we find information by unlocking the meaning encoded in ordinary human language.Powerset’s goal is to change the way people interact with technology by enabling computers to understand our language. While this is a difficult challenge, we believe that now is the right time to begin the journey. Powerset is first applying its natural language processing to search, aiming to improve the way we find information by unlocking the meaning encoded in ordinary human language.

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